The modern City of Bodrum lies in the Aegean Turkey, and was built in the area of old Helicarnassus. After the Persian invasion, Caria was ruled by Mausolus (circa 376-353 BC), who moved the capital here from Mylasa , and called the new one Helicarnassus. After his death, his wife undertook the construction of a monumental tomb that Mausolus had planned for himself. This Mausoleum became known as on of the Seven Wonders of the World. Almost nothing remains of the original, nor of the city. But in 1522 the Crusaders built a castle here, right on the water's edge, called the Castle of Saint Peter. It is in this castle that the Institute of Nautical Archaeology has its most marvelous jewels, the reconstructions of two old ships, which at one time crossed the Mediterranean waters. The fantastic Serce Limani "Glass Wreck" lies in one of the great rooms of this castle, and has the largest collection of Islamic Glass in the world, as well as the oldest chess set and the largest assemblies of Byzantine tools and weapons known to exist. We also had the opportunity of enjoying, in another great room of the castle, the oldest known shipwreck, from the year 1300 BC, off Uluburun, Turkey. This ship has been re-assembled for the viewer, and one can see parts of the cargo, which probably belonged to the church, that consisted of 20 tons of gold, silver, copper ingots, tin ingots, bronze, glass, stone and ceramics from the time of King Tutankhamon and Queen Nefertiti of Egypt. So Bodrum is home to the Bodrum Museum of Underwater Archaeology and the capital of nautical archaeological activity in the Mediterranean. In this photograph we can see a number of amphoras of two sizes and the famous "Cow-hide" Ingots of copper.
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